The objective of the research is to
analyze the life, the existency and the development of gang’s value and the process of
inheritance by the young generation of the gang. By using the theories and
concepts of Primary Group, Gang, Urbanism, Delinquent Subculture and
Differential Association, the gang’s problem were analyzed in the context
of city life.
Miller (2001) concluded that “...youth
Gangs were accurately seen as a predominantly urban phenomenon”. Since 1998,
most of the city in Indonesia has undergone the gang’s problems. The case,
where the youth group were
involved, increased drastically by ten times based on police’s record
during 1986 to 2005. This phenomenon also appears in Pekanbaru City especially
in a city centre market area called ‘Pasar Bawah’ and its neighborhood. This research
has taken place in that area for almost six months starting June 2007 till
January 2008.
This research was conducted in a
qualitative approach. To collect all the data, the some key informants have been interviewed by in-depth interview. The Writer has also observed the object
in the field and studied many related documents. Only in this trianggulation
model the best answer to the research questions could be found.
Finding of the research showed that the gangs
in Pasar Bawah Pekanbaru have the characteristic which’s possibly traced back to the
beginning of group development, that is the childhood and teenage period. Pasar
Bawah and all other factors inside this area have played important role to
the gang’s development and the variety of gang’s activities. The most powerful
gang in Pasar Bawah is KD Gang. This Gang has the characteristics of primary
group and primary relations which are observable. KD Gang is a solidified type
gang where the relationship between the gang's member tied strongly. Some
conflict inside and outside the gang have developed the group consciousness and
group solidarity. Nevertheless, the gang’s activities are against the general
norm of society. KD Gang has shown a non corforming activity which it has
developed the gang’s subculture and make gang's members feel no fear of social
sanction or formal sanction (law). A dominant subculture inside this gang is a criminal
subculture, but sometimes, it has also the conflict subculture and retreatist
subculture. The Gang’s tradition and value has transmitted to the new recruits
or candidates trough a closed relationship and intimacy. A senior gang’s member
is a role model for the new one (junior). Gang has become a mean of transferring delinquency
technics.
Based on the finding and analysis, a
recomendation has been given to the local authority to begin a redevelopment of
the area and provide the social facilities which is not congenial for the
growth of the gang including criminal gang or criminal organization. Finally,
delinquency and crime must be prevented and controlled to maintain security and
order and to create a civil society that life in harmony.
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